Heart of Darkness Good and Evil Essay

Each person on the planet can be good or evil. It’s human nature. In Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, the author shows how corruptible people are. Even the title symbolizes man’s capacity for evil. Throughout this novel, the characters show both good and evil. The first character to show these capacities is Marlow, the narrator. He shows his good side when he feels compassion for a chain gang of Africans. â€Å"A slight clinking behind me made me turn my head. Six black men advanced in a file, toiling up the path†¦ before I climbed the hill,† (81-82). Marlow can’t bare the sight of the prisoners. This compassion shows a flicker of good in his heart. But Marlow also shows evil. He sees dying Africans on his way to a meeting with the manager, and doesn’t lift a finger to help. â€Å"Black shapes crouched†¦ They were dying slowly†¦ I didn’t want any more loitering in the shade and I made haste to the station,† (83-84). Marlow just leaves. He doesn’t say a word to the manager. He doesn’t even try to help them himself. And after that, he doesn’t even think about them again. Marlow shows a capacity for good, but the evil permeates him more. The next character who demonstrates both good and evil traits is the manager. He characterizes some good by getting Marlow the supplies he wants and needs to get the expedition underway. One example is when the manager gets rivets so Marlow can fix the steamboat. â€Å"I slapped him on the back and shouted, ‘We shall have rivets! ’† (100). The manager becomes corrupted by his lust for power. He wants to be in control of every aspect of the journey. This craving for power drives him to put Mr. Kurtz into suspicion. The manager truly believes that Kurtz is doing so well with the ivory because he is vying for the manager position. â€Å"’Conceive you—that ass—he wants to be manager! ’† (104). The manager begins as good, but is corrupted by his power. The last character with an aptitude for good and evil is the amazing Mr. Kurtz himself. Kurtz is a superhero to all of the men in the Congo. He manages to find a seemingly never-ending supply of ivory and finds pay-dirt time after time when he is asked. Kurtz is put on a pedestal so high, that Marlow becomes depressed when a rumor goes around that Kurtz has died. â€Å"By Jove! It’s all over. We are too late; he (Kurtz) has vanished†¦ and my sorrow had a startling extravagance of emotion†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (124). Kurtz is portrayed as a person that every man dreams to be. The reality is not the case. After the expedition down the river, the crew finds that Kurtz has created his own world, where he is God, the savages are his slaves, and he owns everything. Kurtz is corrupted by his own greed. â€Å"Oh, yes, I heard him. ‘My Intended, my ivory, my station, my river, my—‘ everything belonged to him,† (126). Kurtz is the epitome of good and evil. He is shown to be the best person in Africa. But the reality is that Kurtz is a sick, twisted human being. He really presents the dual-capacity of human beings. In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, characters reveal good and evil aspects to their personalities. Marlow is compassionate but passive. The manager is corrupted by his desire for power. And Kurtz is corrupted by his avarice. People need to take this message from Conrad and always brandish their good sides.

Decision Making Process Essay

There are times in everyone’s lives where decisions have to be made. Some decisions are small, some large and some life changing. Whatever type of decision you are faced with there is a process that is taken to determine the best possible outcome. In a personal aspect when I have a decision that needs to be made I tend to weigh all the possible outcomes and determine which one benefits me the most. For instance when I decided to go back to school at the University of phoenix I weighed the [possible outcomes of going back to school with the possible outcomes of not going back to school. Determining pros and cons is a typical weigh to reach an outcome when debating what to do in a scenario. I decided that the pros far outweighed the cons and I could potentially make a lot more money by going back to school in the long run than if I had decided not to re-enroll back into college. It is good for people to be able to see both sides of an outcome when making a very important decisio n in life. For the major decisions and choices people have to make it is essential they they be aware of the positive and the negatives of the potential outcome they choose. I have found that when a decision is to be made on very important issues I like to be able to play the â€Å"what if† game, the â€Å"what if† game is basically putting yourself into the different scenarios of the possible outcomes. For example, when I was debating on whether or not to return to school I put myself in the scenario of what if I don’t go back to school. That scenario would have played out with me being stuck in the same old dead end job and not making the effort to change my future for the better. When I put myself in the scenario where I went back to school I could see myself graduating, getting a good job and living a more prosperous life. In concluding the decision making process is one that helps people make real life decisions in real life situations. Some people use diff erent methods to help them figure out which decision is best for them. The majority of the time it pays to weigh your options and look ahead to what the potential of each decision could be.

Taxation Without Rep Dbq

Alex Dib AP History September 24, 2012 Practice DBQ #1Question: To what extent was the demand for no taxation without representation both the primary force motivating the American revolutionary movement and a symbol for democracy? When the colonists came to the Americas, they did so to get away from the restrictive rule of England. Once they arrived, it took many years for them to develop a sense of self-rule, and they cherished and appreciated every moment of it. However, that was all soon to change, as the English got into wars with the French and Spanish.These three dominating European powers got into 4 major wars which would prove to be crucial for the formation of America as we know it today. With these wars, the English debt was mounting, and they didn’t have the money to balance it out. So what’s the next best thing to printing money? Taxing other people so they give you money, of course! When the English taxed the colonies through various Acts, the self-rule of the people was fading. They were doing the bidding for England, the same thing they vowed to get away from and never return to.This is where the phrase â€Å"No taxation without representation† comes into play. It would eventually turn out to be the greatest symbol for democracy, and the motivation for the American Revolution. The French and Indian war was perhaps one of the most crucial and influential wars regarding the shaping of America. The French provoked the war, in the British point of view, by building chains of forts limiting westward expansion on the English colonies. People such as George Washington and General Edward Braddock went in with local militias to break up the French’s progress, but were forced to surrender.The Albany Plan of Union, as developed by Benjamin Franklin, was an idea that proposed the collection of taxes from the various colonies to provide an intercolonial government and a system for recruiting troops for general defense. This theory was never enacted however, because each colony was too stubborn and jealous of its own taxation powers. This plan did, however, set a precedent for a later, more revolutionary congress in the 1770’s. This war however, was eventually won by the British, who acquired Canada and Florida in the process.Resolved, that a most humble and dutiful Address be presented to his majesty, imploring his royal protection of his faithful subjects, for the people of this colony, in the enjoyment of all their natural and civil rights†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (A). The king had to do what he had to do in terms of protecting the colonies, as stated by the Resolution of the Virginia House of Burgesses. (However, it is not the specifics of the war that we are interested in per say, this rather just provides a background for what was to come). All four of the wars fought by the English, specifically the last one, were not relatively cost efficient.Britain was in a major debt, and this is where things get tricky . â€Å"Small islands not capable of protecting themselves are the proper objects for kingdoms to take under their care†¦but it is evident that they belong to different systems. England to Europe: America to itself. † (G) In this document, we observe the philosophical thinking of Thomas Paine. In this excerpt from â€Å"Common Sense†, we observe that Paine believes that England performed its duty by defending the colonies, and shouldn’t burden further them for taxes to pay for their war.On top of the taxation, we see that England feels the need to maintain a permanent military force throughout the colonies to guard the frontiers. King George III and parliament set forth various acts that would prove to limit the colonies representative government. The Sugar Act, also known as the revenue act, placed taxes/duties on foreign sugar and various luxuries. Its main purpose was to raise revenue for the crown, and to provide a strict enforcement against smuggling. Any accused of smuggling would face a trial in court by â€Å"crown appointed judges† without a jury. They have undertaken to give and grant our money without our consent, though we have ever exercised an exclusive right to dispose of our own property†¦; for depriving us of the accustomed and inestimable privilege of trial by jury, in cases affecting both life and property. † (F) This immediately limits the self-rule of the colonies, and would later become one of the biggest topics of the Constitution. The Quartering Act required colonists to temporarily house British soldiers, and care to their every need during their stay.Many people were against this act, for it violated a person’s right to privacy within their household. Finally, the Stamp Act came about, which required that revenue stamps be placed on any legal document. This was the first time that taxes were being directly taken from the people, rather than on the goods and from the merchants. After t he passing of this act, all hell breaks loose throughout the colonies. People gathered and protested, often violently, in which they destroyed British imports, boycotted the purchase of certain products, and attacked the English in any way they knew how.The Sons and Daughters of Liberty was created, which was a secret and violent organization which was used to intimidate and harass tax collectors. England was forced to repeal the Stamp Act, because of the incredible loss of profit. â€Å"A right to impose an internal tax on the colonies, without their consent for the single purpose of revenue, is denied†¦ (C) Daniel Dulany, from the Considerations on the propriety of imposing taxes in the British Colonies, writes as to support the statement â€Å"No taxation without representation†.This phrase is, in a sense, the birthplace of democracy; it is the foundations on which this nation stands today. One of the fundamental human rights is the opportunity for self-rule, and it is now evident that America would not have been as successful as it is today without the protestors and boycotters and founding fathers that stood up for the colonies in times of near overthrow. This phrase is without a doubt the primary force that motivated the American Revolution, and a universal symbol of democracy throughout the land.

Concepts of Media on Our Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Concepts of Media on Our Society - Essay Example Therefore, they have to design information in different languages to reach to different audiences (Berger, 2012). For instance, the media passes information in radio transmissions to cater for the people who are blind. As such, they are not excluded from the audience. Apparently, all media stakeholders will look for ways of ensuring the whole society is informed. Representation is a media concept which focuses on representing information as reality. Many media associates ensure they represent their information to look more realistic than the others. As such, they tend to be truthful in relaying information. As such, they will try to reduce biases and tend to be impartial (Berger, 2012). In making this look real, they will try to interpret the information with accurate statistics to convince the audience. The audience is considered a vital media concept as it creates the demand for information. Without the audience, the media will have virtually no one to give information. As such, th e media has to ensure it attracts a larger audience to spread the information. Therefore, the media will slot their targeted audience for particular information. They will address this particular audience and circulate vita information that will attract the stated audience (Jones and Holmes, 2011). In many instances, the media ensures it has information that makes sense to the stated audience. This attracts their interests as they are concerned with the information that is relayed. There are critical points that have to be considered in the media and media concepts. First, the media relays information that has passed through crafted productions. These crafted productions are incepted to ensure the information is pleasing and attractive to the audience. This is after making various decisions and other determining factors. Therefore, the information that is relayed in media is a presentation from a few people in the media who need an audience. The information is obviously not raw data as it has been crafted to appeal to the audience. A critique to media concept is that, media is influential in constructing reality. The media is particularly responsible for all the reporting and relaying information. Therefore, the media is responsible for observation and have firsthand experience in the events (Berger, 2012). Therefore, the audience will have an understanding

The National Curriculum, and Bilingualism - A Review and Summary of Essay

The National Curriculum, and Bilingualism - A Review and Summary of Mitchell, Hooper and Brumfit (1994) - Essay Example These areas were meant to see the relationship between pupils’ developing understanding of language and language learning. In the end it is concluded that given the fragmented and episodic nature of mush AL work, its full potential contribution to pupils’ development as language users is not being realized. Suggestions for improvement are made. The project carried out in the case that is being reviewed has been initially taken into consideration for research as the strong curriculum debates about â€Å"Knowledge about language† (KAL) have taken place. This term implies that pupils’ learning language in formal setting started to acquire some explicit understandings and knowledge of the nature of language as well as the development of practical language skills were debated to be needed. Therefore, researches of the project that is being reviewed have found it reasonable to review the range of rationales which have been advanced in recent years in support of this position and to provide review of two important findings about teaching of English and of foreign languages. Overall these projects revealed substantial levels of KAL-related activity in English and foreign languages, and some suggestions of its positive contribution to learning, especially for control and planning in writing. The case study that is being reviewed is well organized and consists of several parts that cohesively complete a new investigation about knowledge of language. After Abstract, and executive summary, authors provide acknowledgement to those who were helpful to complete the research. Primary thanks are made to several teachers of English and Modern Language as well as to their 9-year classes, who gave access to visit lessons and thus to willingly share the thought and achievements with researches of the study. Also thanks are made to ESRC who funded the project and for the general encouragement to think in a cross-curricular framework which came

Terms and Conditions May Apply (2013) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Terms and Conditions May Apply (2013) - Essay Example In this matter, some important points regards privacy policy of various websites are raised which should be considered by the web site owners and visitors. His concentration is highly influenced to increase the level of satisfaction of public in utilization of modern technological resources. Some imperative elements of this documentary are mentioned das under; In this documentary, it is proved that importance of private data of any user is an obvious matter which can not be denied. All websites should make their privacy policy strict and effective for gaining confidence of users in the market. For this purpose, various examples are presented in this documentary which is useful for the web site owners and visitors to manage the private data with surety of security. Accordingly, people can use the web services easily with this satisfaction; this scenario is highly linked with social media sites that are famous among the public highly. In some cases, it is observed that various companies are in the position to finish the age privacy term. With this strategy, social media sites can share their user`s information with third parties; this condition is harmful for the privacy of consumers in the market. With observance of â€Å"Terms and Conditions May Apply (2013)† documentary, people can understand that they should make certain their privacy at the time of usage of social media programs. This is possible with proper concentration of the public and this effort is also producing some favorable results in the communal way of life. According to â€Å"Terms and Conditions May Apply (2013)† people are unsatisfied about privacy policy of websites as this can be incursion any time. This matter is realizable with the consideration of different instances that are managed by arrangement of different interviews and discussions in the market. So, people should be careful in this matter and they should also observe privacy policy time by time. This technique is helpful to

Texting while driving in Miami-Dade County Essay

Texting while driving in Miami-Dade County - Essay Example According to research, it has been noted that a person communicating on his mobile phone has a higher possibility of causing an accident than a drunken driver (Rader, 2008). This essay is a critical evaluation on the threat of mobile telephony on Miami Dade County, with respect to texting while driving. The Miami Dade County was the first to legislate a law banning the use of mobile telephones while driving in Florida, which was passed in the year 2001 (Rader, 2008). According to the ordinance, first time violators were to be awarded a $250 fine or opt to register for a refresher driving course while second time offenders were to receive a punishment of $500. Most importantly, this act recognized the efficiency of these gadgets to communicate in cases of emergency and thus exceptions were made to allow their usage in cases such as reporting on fire, crime, irresponsible driving or other urgent occurrences. However, this law was preempted in 2002 thereby allowing drivers the liberty to decide on when and where to use the distractive gadgets (Rader, 2008). This has been the major setback in the county, which, according to statistics conducted by the Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles, experienced a high rate of accident occurrence of approximately 118 fatal accidents per day in 2008 (Muller, 2010). Every time a bill is introduced for debate to restrict the use of hand held phones either to call or text messages while driving, it is either defeated at the committee stage or it fails completely to gain the support of the legislature, which applies to the whole state of Florida. Furthermore, the state of Florida has a preemption policy which does not allow its local authorities to legislate laws governing or prohibiting distracted driving (Miami-Dade County, n.d). As a result, the prerogative of controlling distracted driving especially

Energy efficiency rating Math Problem Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Energy efficiency rating - Math Problem Example In comparing the means for both groups, using a 1% significance level, the two-tailed P value, at a 99% confidence interval, equals 0.6543. Thus, there is a 65.43% probability that the observed difference between the salaries between private and GOH nurses are actually more extreme than their true differences. At a 1% level of significance, this implies that there is not enough statistical evidence to indicate that the salaries in private hospitals are greater than those in GOH. b. Comparing the means between the previous and current salaries, the previous salaries' mean is higher than the current salaries. At a 99% confidence interval, the two-tailed p-value equal to 0.4699 indicates that there is no reason to conclude that the means have a significant difference. In addition, the lower confidence limit of -3739.9893 indicates a large decrease in the lower limit coupled with a large increase in the upper confidence limit of 2033.3093. Thus, there is no conclusive evidence that the previous salaries are significantly lower than current ones.

The current strengths and weaknesses of sterling Essay

The current strengths and weaknesses of sterling - Essay Example The latter part of the essay deals with some measures that the bank of England could adopt so as to be able to resolve the particular problem that the United Kingdom is facing due to its weak currency. The value of the currency is important for any country because it determines, as Vlaar (2007) states, the position of the country in the world market. The exchange rate (the ratio between the local and foreign currencies) takes into account the present value of the currency of a particular country and ascertains the differences with respect to other currencies. This comparison is necessary because this way the effect of the exchange rates on the import and the export growth can be studied. Exchange rates are a critical determinant of the success of countries in terms of economic development. The impacts of the exchange rate on the Gross Domestic Products (GDP) are far reaching and so it is pertinent to study the values of currencies with respect to other currencies. In this paper, I would focus on the current value of sterling, the currency of the United Kingdom, and compare it to the values of the other major currencies thereby determining its strengths and weaknesses. For the purpose of research I have analyzed a few literature reviews. From the study of the value of sterling in the past two to three years one fact that is quite evident is that the value of sterling has been falling continuously. Although there have been minor deviances from the overall downward trend, for instance the value of the pound sterling rose by one penny against the Euro in February 2009, the value of pound has fallen by 16% with respect to the American Dollar and by 21% with respect to the Euro since early 2008, as Hyde (2010) states. There was a point in September 2009 according to Steiner et al. (2009) when the value of the sterling was even less than 1 â‚ ¬. The rate at which the sterling was exchanged to the Euro was just 0.99. The falling

Annie’s Advice Quotes Essay Example for Free

Annie’s Advice Quotes Essay Dear Annie, The other day, I got Chinese take-out and the lady at the till offered me a cookie and told me that the fortunes actually come true. The cookie told me I was gonna be king! I immediately knew it was referring to homecoming king at the dance next Saturday, but the surprising thing was that it seemed like everyone was already voting for one of my friends, the captain of the football team. He IS the most popular guy in school. But I really wanna be king too! My girlfriend thinks I should embarrass my friend so that he loses some popularity votes, but if people find out it was me, it could really hurt my reputation. I don’t know what to do-please help! -Wannabe King Dear Wannabe, I have two things to say to you. Firstly, I don’t believe in fortune cookiesespecially ones that say you’ll become king, secondly, get a new girlfriend! The cookie merely states what might happen, you shouldn’t take it too seriously and definitely don’t take matters into your own hands. If it is saying the truth then you’ll become homecoming king and if the â€Å"Chinese prophecies† are wrong, you won’t. As someone once said, Theres no use trying to rush fate, because the best things in life are worth the wait. You’ll live both ways so I don’t know why your girlfriend is guiding you to the wrong path especially when it would hurt a friend. If you possess the qualities of a king you might eventually become one! -Annie Dear Annie, My friend and I love playing soccer, he was really enthusiastic and always thought of the better of the team, therefore he was voted captain of our school’s soccer team. He was super thrilled, and so was Iat first. As I watched him at practice he began to act differently. He started bossing us around and would get really frustrated when we messed up. As captain he decided he had the authority to put people down, including his friends. I am really worried for him because he’s losing his friends and if he keeps going at this rate he might even be kicked off the team. I really want to help him but I don’t know how. I have a feeling his hubris is getting to him. Do you have any suggestions on how I could help? -Worried friend Dear Worried, WhoaHUBRIS? I have to admit, I looked that up. But I agree; that is a great way to describe your friend’s situation. Read the quote of the day above. Things like this are bound to happen when you get power. Mr. â€Å"Captain† over there has some overflowing pride in him which is making him act like a jerk. Have a talk with him, tell him how you feel the team is breaking apart and bring forward the consequences he might have to face in case things go out of hand. I am sure he will understand and kudos to you for looking out for him! -Annie Dear Annie, The girl I have a crush on forgot to do her homework, so to impress her, I gave her mine. But then I didn’t have my own work and the teacher would get really mad at me so I stole Kevin’s (a classmate). I’m really afraid that he will find out and snitch on me. Whenever he walks up to me I get really nervous and make sure nothing gives it away. I really can’t get it off my mind. I know I shouldn’t have done it in the first place and I’m really disappointed that I tried to impress my crush like that, I didn’t know the consequences! How should I deal with it? I feel like I will never be forgiven. I don’t usually do things like this. Should I fess up? Should I just deal with the fear? Help me! -P.I.M.P. (Pissing In My Pants) Dear P.I.M.P., Creative name there, is the irony intended? I’m guessing you’re still young, you don’t need to sacrifice something to earn a girls respect. She should like you for who you are. It was your fault and your decision that led to the cost. Make sure you think before you act in life and apologize to your classmate and teacher, they will understand, people make mistakes. Some detention is better than dealing with the guilt and paranoia. Next time think about, if what you gain is worth the consequences. -Annie Dear Annie, I was recently offered a job to be a director at a large multinational company, but I am hesitating to accept it. My fiancà ©e thinks it is a really good opportunity and is pushing me towards it. The company already has a director but they requested me to join as I have higher qualifications. Accepting the offer would get the current director fired. I agree that it’s a good opportunity but I’d hate to do that to someone for my own purposes when I already have a decent job. My fiancà ©e keeps threatening our wedding and whether I am capable of supporting her and her future children. She has basically dictated that if I do not take the offer she will no longer have respect for me. I really love her and want to see her happy, should I be agreeing with her? -Future Groom? Dear Future Groom, You’re a groom not a broom! Talk it out with your fiancà ©e and make her understand that your current job will keep her and YOUR children secure. If it will really hurt your morals to take the job away from somebody then you should tell her this and hopefully if she loves you as much she will see your point. If she doesn’t and still threatens your marriage hkgold your stand and don’t let her control your actions, be a man! -Annie 998 words Rationale For this assignment, I chose to do an advice column where people write to â€Å"Annie† about their problems, seeking guidance. The advice seekers’ circumstances represent those of Macbeth and Annie brings to notice the lessons that can be learnt from them. She gives positive guidance whereas in the play the opposite happens. The reason behind Annie answering the questions in this way is to emphasize on the morals of the play. Annie also has a funny edge to her in a way that displays her persona. I believe she is a cheerful young lady who speaks the truth and uses humour so that people feel comfortable talking to her. The questions show my understanding of how power corrupts in Macbeth and some of the lenses whereas the answers portray my understanding of the themes. I thought an advice column was a creative way to show the message that people should take out of reading or watching Macbeth. The reason I didn’t just use actual Macbeth situations was because I was aiming it at a younger, contemporary audience so that they can understand it thoroughly and also it shows that the similar situations to the ones Shakespeare used in the past can occur in the present. The fact that the situations are realistic also gives reason to why the morals are important because they can be easily applied to daily life to make you a better, wiser person unlike Macbeth. Most advice columns have some sort of heading, mines a quote. The quote at the top of the page explains to the readers the main message of the pieces following and is the topic for that week’s advice. I did this so I could organise my writing better as well as I thought it was an imaginative start to the task.

Purification of 1,3-PD from Complex Fermentation Broth

Purification of 1,3-PD from Complex Fermentation Broth MTZ is calculated as Eq. 6[24], where H is adsorption bed height (cm). tb is the time (min) of breakthrough point, which defined as the time when Ct/C0=0.05. te is the time (min) of saturated point, which defined as the time when Ct/C0=0.95. As showed in Table 2, increasing the 1,3-PD concentration, tb and te decreased. The dynamic adsorption of 1,3-PD to resin usually fails to achieve adsorption equilibrium. When the concentration of 1,3-PD achieved a certain high value, the breakthrough point and saturated point came early. The adsorption process in a fixed bed for a single adsorbate can be classified into three zones: the saturated zone, mass transfer zone and fresh zone[24]. The smaller the mass transfer zone and fresh zone were, the higher efficiency of the adsorption process. When the concentration of 1,3-PD was 35.2 g L-1, the maximum value of mass transfer zone (MTZ) is 23.2 cm, which indicated that the saturated zone was small and the efficiency was low. On the contrary, when the concentration of 1,3-PD was 25.0 g L-1, the MTZ was minimum while the efficiency of adsorption was 63.5% as the highest point. However, the production efficiency was lower for saturated time delayed. The breakthrough curves of glycerol were showed in Fig. 3B with three concentrations of 1,3-PD. When 1,3-PD attained saturated point, glycerol did not saturate and the adsorption is 428, 388 and 266 mg/g, respectively, which indicated the decreasing of the fermentation broth concentration increased the adsorption of glycerol. Considering both adsorption rate and efficiency, fermentation broth with 30.0 g L-1 concentrations were used in the following experiments. Data was fitted based on Yoon-Nelson model, which was showed in Fig. 4. Simulated parameters were listed in Table 2. The results indicated that k increased with the 1,3-PD concentration, while xexp decreased, which indicated that increasing concentration shortened the saturated time in the adsorption bed. Furthermore, xexp was similar with x, which indicated that Yoon-Nelson model can be applied to simulate the adsorption process with different concentrations. 3.3 The effect of flow rate The effect of flow rate to the adsorption of 1,3-PD was showed in Fig. 5A. From Fig. 5A, increasing the flow rate lead to the increasing of curves slope, the breakthrough time was shortened and the changing of the concentration difference was quicker. The main reason was that with the increasing of flow rate, exchanging time of adsorbate and resin was shortened. Further analysis showed in Table 3. From Table 3, with the setting up of flow rate, the saturated point of 1,3-PD decreased quickly and MTZ increased. High flow rate would make it difficult for 1,3-PD to transfer into resin porosity, which went against for the mass transfer of 1,3-PD and the undisturbed 1,3-PD increased. When the flow rate was 0.800 mL min-1, the adsorption rate was 62.2%. However, low flow rate lead to the delay of 1,3-PD saturated point and low adsorption rate, which is not benefit for industrial production. Data fitting based on Yoon-Nelson kinetic model, the result of 1,3-PD breakthrough curves showed in Table 3 and Fig. 6. As showed in Fig. 6, k increased with the increasing flow rate and xexp shared a similarity with x, indicating that Yoon-Nelson kinetic model can imitate adsorption process at different flow rates. 3.4 The effect of temperature The effect of temperature in the adsorption of 1,3-PD showed in Fig. 7A. As showed in Fig. 7A, tb and te increased with temperature. The breakthrough point delayed, which was similar to the result of a steady state adsorption. Increasing temperature promotes the adsorption of 1,3-PD to resin. However, the effect of temperature on breakthrough curves is not obvious on the slope of three curves was almost equal. The breakthrough curves of glycerol were shown in Fig. 7B. When the adsorption of 1,3-PD achieved saturate point, glycerol did not saturate and the adsorption is 310, 388 and 433 mg/g, respectively. Additional analysis was showed in Table 4. Although increasing temperature is beneficial to adsorption, the value of A in 313 K did not remarkably increase (Table 4). It was due to that the migration velocity and the contact between glycerol molecules and resin also increased and influence the adsorption of 1,3-PD by occupying adsorption sites. The adsorption of 1,3-PD to the resin was spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption kinetics was accurately represented by the shell progressive model and indicated that the particle diffusion was the rate-limiting step[19]. Considering decreasing operating cost and simplifying experiments, the temperature was fixed at 298 K. Data was fitted based on Yoon-Nelson kinetic model, the results of simulating parameters shows in Table 4 and Fig. 8. As showed in the Fig. 8, the value of k decreased with the increasing of temperature. The value of xexp by using model and x shared a similar result, indicated that Yoon-Nelson kinetic model can simulate the adsorption process under different temperatures. 3.4 The effect of stack height on adsorption The effect of stack height on adsorption was studied with 10.0, 15.0 and 30.0 cm respectively (Fig. 9A). Experiment condition: flow rate, 1.00 mL min-1, fermentation broth with 1,3-PD,30.0g L-1; stacking height, 10.0, 15.0, 30.0 cm; temperature, 298 K. As showed in Fig. 9A, the slope of the breakthrough curve gradually decreased with the increasing of stack height, indicated that high stack height promoted adsorption. Supplementary analysis shows in Table 5. As showed in Table 5, qtotal and A was low when H was 10.0 cm for the resin quantity and the active sites of fixed bed decreased. The MTZ (8.44 cm) was nearly as the whole bed height, showing that the relative low efficiency of the adsorption. The parameter was small owing to reasons above, placing competing adsorption between 1,3-PD and glycerol, also the shorter contact time between resin and solution for decreasing height. Comparably, the values of breakthrough parameters when H equaled to 30.0 cm were fine: the maximum of q total attained 2.13 g, which was significantly higher than other values and the value of A was also maximum. The main reason was the increasing stack height resulted in the increasing of contacting time between resin and adsorption sites for better adsorption. On the other hand, with the adding of resin in adsorption bed, improved the capability of adsorption to 1,3-PD (te increased, the slope of breakthrough curves, the adsorption of resin increased). The bre akthrough curves in three stack heights showed in Fig. 9B. The adsorption of glycerol is 117, 269 and 388 mg/mg, respectively. Moreover, the increasing of bed height increased the number of theoretical plates in separation degree. Considering the value of tb, te and A , 30.0 cm was chosen for the following experiments. Data fitting based on Yoon-Nelson kinetic model, the results of simulating parameters of the adsorption process in Table 5 and Fig. 10. The value of k decreased with the increasing of stack height and xexp was similar to x, indicating that Yoon-Nelson kinetic model can fit the adsorption in different stack height. M0 (g) is the elution quantity of 1,3-PD, M1 (g) is the quantity of glycerol The effect of ethanol concentration on elution curves was studied with three different ethanol volumes (30%, 50%, 75%), which were showed in Fig 11. As shown in Fig 11, 1,3-PD was the eluted out firstly. The retention time of 1.3-PD and glycerol enlarged in the column were due to the stack height of this fixed bed (30.0 cm). The overlapping of curves between components decreased obviously. It also prolonged the adsorption time between 1.3-PD and glycerol with resin. 1.3-PD and glycerol separated through continuous adsorption and desorption. Resin prefers the adsorption of glycerol to 1,3-PD. Glycerol replaced the 1,3-PD which adsorbed on the resin, caused the glycerol layer enlarged while 1,3-PD layer moved down. Furthermore, ethanol selectively eluted 1,3-PD. Therefore, the 1,3-PD was the firstly been eluted. With the elution of 1,3-PD, the percentage of 1,3-PD in eluent decreased. The ability of the eluent increased so glycerol been eluted down. Besides, when the volume percentage of ethanol increasing from 30% to 75%, both peaks of 1,3-PD and glycerol improved and concentrated, indicating that high concentration of ethanol was advantageous for the collection of components. The elution quantity of 1,3-PD (M0) and elution quantity of glycerol (M1), were calculated according to elution curves and showed in Table 6. As showed in Table 6, the elution rate of 1,3-PD improved from 64.3% to 95.3%, indicating that high concentration ethanol was helpful to the elution of relevant components. Meanwhile, both elution ratio of 1,3-PD and glycerol increased and attained a maximum when ethanol was 75%. The mass ratio of 1,3-PD and glycerol in eluent improved from 6:1 to 14.6:1 in broth, and the concentration of 1,3-PD increased from 85.7% to 93.6%, indicating that both of 1,3-PD and glycerol been divided efficiently. Moreover, with the increasing of ethanol volume percentage, the elution amount of both 1,3-PD and glycerol increased. However, the increasing of elution amount of glycerol was little, which mean the combination force between glycerol and resin was stronger that 75% ethanol could not eluted glycerol down. 100% ethanol was also used for elution and caused severe dehydration of resin. Therefore, 75% ethanol was used as eluent. 3.6 The effect of the elution flow rate The flow rate increasing from 1.00 to 2.00 mL min-1 to investigate the effect of elution flow rate on 1,3-PD and glycerol. The results showed in Fig. 12 and relevant parameters in Table 7. As showed in Fig. 12, increasing flow rate, the elution peak of both 1,3-PD and glycerol decreased. In Table 7, with the increasing of flow rate, the elution of 1,3-PD decreased while that of glycerol improved. Meanwhile, the mass ratio of 1.3-PD to glycerol decreased from 14.6 to 9.88, indicating that increasing elution rate was not favorable to the separation of 1,3-PD and glycerol. Therefore, the elution efficiency and 1,3-PD separation could be improved significantly if slow down elution rate and increasing contact time between eluent and 1,3-PD in the resin. As shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, when the flow rate was 1.00 mL min-1 and the concentration of ethanol is 75%, 1,3-PD and glycerol showed a seemingly separation on the curve: the curve of glycerol appeared from 54 mL which means before that the system only contained 1,3-PD; after 98 mL 1,3-PD and glycerol coexist in the mixture. It is known by calculation that before 54 mL the quantity of 1,3-PD was 1.64 g as a percentage of 80.8%. Mixture collected could return to the fermentation broth for the next adsorption process. 1,3-PD could be acquired by first 54 mL eluent after vacuum distillation. Further resolution of the two substances with the flow rate as 0.500 mL min-1 were studied. The overlapping degree of 1,3-PD and glycerol curves reduced, but could not be completely separated. Meanwhile, the time increased remarkably as 304 min, indicating that although decreasing flow rate was helpful to improve separation efficiency, the production efficiency decreased. Therefore, 1.00 mL min-1 was selected as the best flow rate. 3.7 Purification of the 1,3-propanediol Vacuum distillation, which is energy saving due to the decline of boiling point, is preferred to traditional distillation. 324 ml eluent was collected after six times adsorption and elution separation. No glycerol has been tested by HPLC. The eluent was added into rotary evaporator (vacuum 0.093-0.097 MPa and temperature 60-65 oC) for ethanol recycling. After recycling, the remaining solution transferred to vacuum distillation under Vacuum degree at 0.093-0.097 MPa. Collecting impurity below 129 oC and 1,3-PD fraction between 129-149 oC. The purity of 1,3-PD has been tested by HPLC is 99.2% (sample has been sent to the independent third test institution for detection). 4 Conclusion Recovery and purification of 1,3-PD from complex fermentation broth represents a technological challenge and true bottleneck in the development of a commercially viable bioprocess of this promising bulk chemicals. The present work provides a novel technique for purification of 1,3-propanediol from crude glycerol-based fermentation broth. Separation and purification of 1,3-propanediol was achieved by four simple steps: removal of cells and proteins by chitosan flocculation, decoloration by activated carbon, adsorption by fixed bed cation exchange resin, and vacuum distillation. Furthermore, in order to predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of the column, Yoon-Nelson models were applied to the experimental data. Parameters as adsorption capacity at breakthrough time (tb) and saturation time (ts), length of the mass transfer zone (MTZ) were obtained for the different operation conditions used in the adsorption experiments. The characteristic colu mn parameters were calculated for process design. The overall yield of 1,3-propanediol recovery is calculated to be 80.8% with 99.2% of purity. This process, which is simple, fast, and efficient, will promote the commercialization of 1,3-propanediol production.

Influence Of Cybercrime On Internet Users Information Technology Essay

Influence Of Cybercrime On Internet Users Information Technology Essay The exceptional growth of internet continues into the 21st century, which has brought tremendous opportunities in the various fields of life like education, businesses and entertainment etc. Because of that everything has shrink to click of a mouse. However along with the increase in the benefits of internet, the risks involved in use of internet have also increased. Thats why we usually come across the fact that crime has made a home in cyberspace. [2][3] Electric commerce is rapidly becoming the important part of global economy. e.g. around 50 millions customer visit ebay store online per day is around 50 million. ebay sellers do the business around 6 million pounds per day. The profit making capacity of online businesses such as ebay not only increased the global economy, but has also amplified the rate of online crimes due to large number of customers involved in online transactions. The fast and easy email sending has not only amplified the personal business communication but also increased the chance for confident and expert criminals to steal the important information like credit cards or date of birth of unaware users using email and keyboard capture devices. Today, computers have become important of our day to day life. We know today with technology like neural networks and Nano-computing, atoms in a cup of water can be used to perform billions of operation per second. Cyber crime is a malevolence, which is growing with the increase in our reliance with computers in modern day to day life. In our todays life when anything from kitchen to nuclear power plants is being run by computers. Thats way cyber crime has become so common in everywhere in our life where computer is in used..[2] Cybercrime can said to be latest but it is perhaps the most complex problem in the cyber world. Cybercrime can be of various type but common thing in every cybercrime is that the computer is used as an object or subject in an act considered to be crime. Per Lord Atkin said in his book that, Any criminal activity that uses a computer either as an instrumentality, target or a means for perpetuating further crimes comes within the ambit of cyber crime Cybercrime has various definitions but generally a cybercrime can be understood as a unlawful conduct in which computer is either a target or tool or may be both. Computer can be utilized as a tool in various kinds of activities like financial crimes, online gambling, e-mail spoofing, forgery, cyber defamation. And computer can also be targeted for crime like unauthorized access to information, theft of the financial information like credit cards, Trojan attacks and even physically causing harm to computer system.[1][4] Cyber crime is a growing perhaps the biggest problem in cyber world. It is comprises of criminal acts, performed by the use of computer network, mainly internet. That can be carried out by sitting remotely. Such types of acts include unauthorised access of files, disturbing the functionality of the programs using viruses, logic bombs etc. Experts today argue that what comprise the cybercrime. Generally it is understood to be consisting of traditional activities such as fraud, theft and forgery using computer. Today it also includes cyber stalking. Cybercrime can also have acts not considered as a crime under one authority or law but may be considered as a crime under other authority or law. [3][5] This is a very important part of any research work, I have understood this concept clearly and I am going to get the primary data for my research from questionnaire. And for secondary data I have read various books written on cybercrime by great names, and also will be reading articles, journals, newspapers etc, in order to get as much data which would help me analysis. In my research work I will use questionnaire method to collect primary data, as It is the best choice to get in depth information from real users with the help of some open ended multiple choice questions. Moreover, In order to get the real picture open ended questions are very much beneficial to collect specific and in depth information. The reason I choose questionnaire method for my data gathering is that the information I need is directly related to the real time computer users, and there are different kind of techniques or ways of committing cybercrime. So I will make questionnaire considering various techniques and reasons, which lead a user to fall victim of a cybercrime. And one of the advantages of Questionnaire is that I am able to email and fax them to my require destination which is quick, safe. And this method is also cheap as compared to any other data collection methods. According to Kahn and Cannel, the most powerful technique of gathering consistent, valid and relevant data is questionnaire survey. I am also aware of few limitations to my research work. Time constraint is the main limitation as I have to perform number of tasks in limited time like selection of topic, data collection, data analysis and concluding my research etc. Another limitation can be words as I would have to write comprehensive and in depth report with minimum words possible.

The Self-Concept of Father-Absent Children in Middle Childhood Essay

The Self-Concept of Father-Absent Children in Middle Childhood   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Man’s individuality embodies numerous traits and self-concept holds the predominant of these traits according to Rogers. It helps the person understand personality and social development, for it is through the developing self-concept that man form increasingly stable picture of their selves, partly, reflected by others in their surroundings (Craig;1996,p.367). As the person interacts with his environment, such as peer groups, school, community and most especially the family, these concepts are constructed. Many developmentalists believe that infants are born without a sense of self (Shaffer, 1989), therefore, we can say that we develop our self-image as we continuously grow.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Families are believed to be the first, the closest, and most influential social group in the child’s life. They provide children with the definition of right and wrong, the patterns of behaviors, the expectations and the evaluations of actions on which children base their own ideas (Craig, 1996). It is in the family where a child spends a great portion of his life mainly during the formative years. It is from the family that he receives his earliest training in proper behavior. Thus, it is the family which plays the major role in the development of his self-image (Medina, 1991). As a child grow, he begins to realize who he really is and what he is and at the same time aware of his capability.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The person’s general view of self is made up of other, more specific concepts, including the nonacademics sefl-concept, self-concept in English, and self-concept in mathematics. This self-concept evolves through constant self-evaluation indifferent situation (Shavelson & Bolus, 1992). Children and adolescents are continually comparing their performance with their own standards and with the performance of peer and also gauge the verbal and nonverbal reactions of significant people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moreover, a harmonious home environment can create confidence in ones own perspective of himself because it provides not only a place of residence but also an identity of mutual security and support (Sevilla, 1989). However, through the changing nature of the family structure, there are broken families and marital dissolution. Single parent families, usually are fatherless, continuously growing up which affect both their children’s ... ...hey are free to ask questions. Furthermore, the researcher will assure the subjects that the test results will be treated with utmost confidentiality. Scoring Procedure   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The instruction of the scoring will be taken form the manual fo the test instruments. Corresponding points are provided for each answer. Then the number points are counted. Scoring will follow a given equivalent and through the local norms of the test, the level of self-concept of the subjects will be identified. REFERENCES: Craig, Grace. Human Development, 7th edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc. 1996 Davidson, Kenneth J.Jr Marriage and Family: Change and Continuity. Massachusetts: Ally and Bacon: Simon & Schuster Co., 1996 Elliot, Stephen N. et al. Educational Psychology: Effective Teaching/Effective Learning. 2nd edition. USA: Brown and Benchmark Publishing,1996 Tan, Earnest L. The Development of Self-Concept Quezon City. Values Education Program of Mirian College Graduate School, 1991. Medina, Belen T.G. The Filipino Family: A text with selected Readings. Philippines: Office of Research Coordination, U.P. 1991 Easten,Nina J. Los Angeles Time Magazine, 9June 1992): 15-16, 18, 44-46.

Using Total Physical Response, Ollers Episodic Theory, and Krashens Monitor Hypothesisa :: Teaching Education Philosophy

Using Total Physical Response, Ollers Episodic Theory, and Krashen's Monitor Hypothesisa to Teach a Second Language Teaching is a wonderful thing where you are given the opportunity to make a difference in the life of a student. Teaching is about making a connection with the students and reaching out to those who need it. As a future Spanish teacher I am looking forward to this opportunity because I will be instrumental in helping students make a connection with other cultures and compare it to their own. As a foreign language instructor I will have the responsibility to demonstrate the importance of language in today's world and I will do this by providing different types of classroom activities. Teaching a second language creates the potential to overcome cultural gaps by allowing students of all backgrounds to communicate in a language other then their own without having to spend significant resources to do so. In addition to this a foreign language gives students the opportunity to learn about different cultures, customs and beliefs without having to travel any further then the classroom. A technique that is both effective and creates a fun learning environment are games. The use of games allows learning to take place on both the conscious and subconscious levels. By the use of games you can use many modern techniques such as Total Physical Response (TPR), story telling as prescribed by Ollers Episodic Theory, while including elements of Krashen's Monitor Hypothesis, all of which can address the national standards. There are several different approaches to learning that involve different theories, which build upon previous information and use different cognitive abilities. However, there is no one formal definition of what learning is. That has been a question that educators have pondered for many years. I believe that learning is a combination of different processes involving memorization, experience, adaptation and application of new skills, as well as conscious and subconscious reinforcement. A good way to facilitate learning is to take elements of these different theories and approaches and integrate them into classroom activities and lesson plans. It's necessary to challenge and motivate the students in order to have them perform well. In order to challenge the students in the study of a foreign language I will present them with different aspects of the cultures in which the language represents by cultural readings, foreign newspapers, and samples of music and food that are represented in those cultures.